The goat willow is more abundant in forests than any other willow. Its range includes all of Europe and extends far into Asia. It grows from lowland to high mountain elevations and, unlike other willows, is an important pioneer in forests where its seedlings colonize forest clearings and felled areas.
The pith of the twigs contains air spaces. The leaves are alternate, odd-pinnate, the largest leaflets located in the centre. The male flowers are in drooping catkins 8 to 10 cm long, the female flowers terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening in the autumn into a plum-like fruit with a brownish-green, semi-fleshy husk and a brown corrugated nut. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in October; the seed is relatively small and very hard.
It provides bees with their first feast of the year. The seed ripens and is shed in May. At the base of the leaf stalk are small semiheart-shaped leaf-like bodies (stipules) which soon fall. This tree is propagated, both in the wild and artificially, by seed, as cuttings root very poorly. It is a frost-resistant species that thrives in poorer and drier soils. The goat willow is an important pioneer tree in forestry, and animals are fond of nibbling its bark.
The butternut is indigenous to North America, growing in the eastern part from the 35th parallel northwards to Canada. It occurs in mixed, broad- leaved woods, alongside rivers and in hill country, on deep, fertile soils, attaining heights of up to 30 metres. The bark is grey, divided by shallower fissures than those of the black walnut. The twigs and buds are grey, sticky-pubescent, and the pith of the twigs contains air spaces.
Often growing alongside brooks near villages are the so-called pollarded willows, the result of cutting-back the trunk and of repeated cutting of the branches over a period of 2 to 5 years. In practice, new individuals are propagated by cuttings.
The tree is cultivated in gardens and avenues for its fruit - nuts - which it begins to bear from about its tenth year. The green husks split in September and October to release the nuts, whose oily kernel is very tasty and nourishing. The high quality wood (the heartwood is brownish, the sapwood greyish) is used to make furniture.
The pith of the twigs contains air spaces. The leaves are alternate, odd-pinnate, the largest leaflets located in the centre. The male flowers are in drooping catkins 8 to 10 cm long, the female flowers terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening in the autumn into a plum-like fruit with a brownish-green, semi-fleshy husk and a brown corrugated nut. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in October; the seed is relatively small and very hard.
It provides bees with their first feast of the year. The seed ripens and is shed in May. At the base of the leaf stalk are small semiheart-shaped leaf-like bodies (stipules) which soon fall. This tree is propagated, both in the wild and artificially, by seed, as cuttings root very poorly. It is a frost-resistant species that thrives in poorer and drier soils. The goat willow is an important pioneer tree in forestry, and animals are fond of nibbling its bark.
The butternut is indigenous to North America, growing in the eastern part from the 35th parallel northwards to Canada. It occurs in mixed, broad- leaved woods, alongside rivers and in hill country, on deep, fertile soils, attaining heights of up to 30 metres. The bark is grey, divided by shallower fissures than those of the black walnut. The twigs and buds are grey, sticky-pubescent, and the pith of the twigs contains air spaces.
Often growing alongside brooks near villages are the so-called pollarded willows, the result of cutting-back the trunk and of repeated cutting of the branches over a period of 2 to 5 years. In practice, new individuals are propagated by cuttings.
The tree is cultivated in gardens and avenues for its fruit - nuts - which it begins to bear from about its tenth year. The green husks split in September and October to release the nuts, whose oily kernel is very tasty and nourishing. The high quality wood (the heartwood is brownish, the sapwood greyish) is used to make furniture.
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In planning your garden, it is often difficult to make anything a narrow area at the side garden of the house.
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