Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Oregon Grape

By Noah Isabella

The rock currant is a thornless shrub of upright habit growing to a height of 1.5-2 m. The stems are reddish brown with bark that tends to peel; the buds are 'dark brown, ovate. The reddish flowers appear at the end of May, the red, slightly sour berries in drooping clusters ripen in August and the seeds are dispersed by birds.

The pinnate leaves, measuring about 20 cm, are a glossy dark green, turning shades of copper and bronze in winter. The yellow flowers, borne in clustered racemes, appear in April. The bluish berries containing 3-5 seeds ripen in August and are edible. They are also used in preserves and to colour wines.

This is a valuable, evergreen ornamental shrub, widely cultivated in the parks of western, central and eastern Europe. It is sufficiently resistant to frost even in northern Germany, being damaged by spring frosts only if planted in sunny situations. It grows best in partial shade and does well even in drier situations. It is readily propagated by means of seeds or more usually by root suckers.

In the vicinity of housing developments and cemeteries it can he found growing semi-naturalized in hedgerows and woods. In parks it is planted as an evergreen ground cover and to form low evergreen hedges; it is also planted for game cover. The mountain currant is a thornless shrub of upright habit growing to a height of 1-2.5 in. The stems are yellow-brown with bark that tends to crack. The buds are longish ovate, pointed and coloured light brown. The flowers appear in May.

In parks it is planted either as a solitary specimen or in taller hedges and shrubbery. It tolerates moderate shade and does not require much soil moisture. In locations subject to frost and in severe winters it tends to be partially damaged by frost.

It grows in central and southern Europe, extending northward as far as the Baltic Sea to Leningrad and southern Finland and Sweden. Requiring partial shade, it grows in damp, rocky situations in forests from hilly country to high mountain elevations above 1000 m, but will grow in poorer and drier soils. Because it stands up well to pruning it is used in gardens and parks to form low hedges and shrubbery borders. It is well propagated both by means of seeds and winter and summer cuttings.

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